block diagram showing tectonic plates moving past each other and creating a shear zone
The broad zone of shearing at a transform plate boundary includes masses of rock displaced tens to hundreds of miles, shallow earthquakes, and a landscape consisting of long ridges separated by narrow valleys.
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Modified from “Beauty from the Beast: Plate Tectonics and the Landscapes of the Pacific Northwest,” by Robert J. Lillie, Wells Creek Publishers, 92 pp., 2015, www.amazon.com/dp/1512211893.